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About Aluminum
Structural components made from aluminum and its alloys are vital to the aerospace industry and are important in other areas of transportation and structural materials. Aluminum and its alloys are today considered one of the most practical of metals for a variety of reasons. Aluminum is popular in the aerospace industry because of its ease of fabrication, non-toxicity, strength, and resistance to the corrosive atmospheres of industry and marine environments.
Aluminum Alloy
Aluminum alloys are widely used in engineering structures and components where lightweight or corrosion resistance is required. The strength and durability of aluminum alloys vary widely, not only as a result of the components of the specific alloy, but also as a result of heat treatments and manufacturing processes. Alloys composed mostly of the two lightweight metals aluminum and magnesium have been very important in aerospace manufacturing.
Aluminum & Aluminum Alloys: 2024 Aluminum, 2219 Aluminum, 6061 Aluminum, 7050 Aluminum, 7075 Aluminum
2014:
This is a precipitation-hardening alloy with good strength after heat treatment. Commonly used in the manufacture of aircraft structures, and truck frames. 2219:This is an age-hardenable copper-containing alloy of aluminum. It is noted for applications at elevated temperatures. Commonly used in the manufacture of structural components used in high temperature applications as well as high strength weldments.
2024: The most common heat treatable aluminum is 2024. It is utilized where high strength and no welding is involved. Aircraft fittings, structures, and hardware are some of the major applications.
6061: This possesses high strength, high resistance to corrosion, good workability, and a wide range of mechanical properties. It is the most versatile of the heat treatable alloys. Used where good corrosion resistance and strength are needed, it can be found applied in areas for welded assemblies, heat exchangers and aircraft components.
7050: This is heat treatable so as to produce mechanical properties of high strength and toughness. It has very good resistance to stress corrosion cracking. Commonly used in the manufacture of aircraft and other structures.
7075: This is capable of high strength as developed by heat treating. It also has excellent properties at low temperatures. Commonly used in the manufacture of aircraft and other aerospace applications not requiring the corrosion resistance of Clad 7075.
Aluminum Tube
Aluminum tubing combines many diversified characteristics suitable for industry. Qualities such as corrosion resistance, electrical and thermal conductivity, light weight, strength, ease of fabrication, appearance and low cost predispose these alloys for a wide range of applications. Aluminum has capabilities for a wide range of finishes, and anodizing offers finishes in a variety-of iridescent colors. Because of its extremely high ratio of strength-to-weight, aluminum is a logical choice for construction and any product that must be lifted, moved, or flown. Aluminum tubing is extremely popular in the aircraft industries.
Aluminum Sheet, Aluminum Plate:
2014 Grade
Temper: 2014-0, 2014-T3, 2014-T6, 2014-T351, 2014-T6510, 2014-T81, 2014-T851 Bare: AMS 4029, AMS 4028, Clad: QQ-A-250/3
2024 Grade
Temper: 2024-0, 2024-T3, 2024-T81, 2024-T351, 2024-T851 Bare: QQ-A-250/4, AMS 4035, AMS 4037, FMS 10101 Clad: QQ-A-250/5, AMS 4040, AMS 4041, BMS 7-305
2024-0 Bare Aluminum Sheet Per AMS-QQ-A-250/4, 2024-0 Alclad Aluminum Sheet Per AMS 4035, AMS-QQ-A-250/5, 2024-T3 Bare Aluminum Sheet Per AMS-QQ-A-250/4, 2024-T3 Alclad Aluminum Sheet Per AMS-QQ-A250/5, 2024-T3 Alclad MRS Quality Aluminum Sheet Per QQ-A-250/5
2124 Grade=> Temper: 2124-0, 2124-T351, 2124-T851, AMS 4101, AMS 4221, QQ-A-250/29 Bare: QQ-A-250/29, FMS 3002
2219 Grade
Temper: 2219-0, 2219-T31, 2219-T81, 2219-T37, 2219-T87, 2219-T351, 2219-T851 Bare: QQ-A-250/30, AMS 4031, Clad: AMS 4094, AMS 4095, AMS 4096, DMS-1719, BMS 7-110 Forging: QQ-A-367
5083 Grade=> 5083-H116 Aluminum Plate Per ASTM-B-928
6013 Grade=> Temper: 6013-0 (Special Order Only), 6013-T4, 6013-T6 Bare: AMS 4347, AMS 4216, FMS 3
6061 Grade
Temper: 6061-0, 6061-T4, 6061-T6, 6061-T451, 6061-T651 Bare: QQ-A-250/11, AMS 4025, AMS 4026, AMS 4027, ASTM-B-209
6061-0 Bare Aluminum Sheet Per AMS 4025, QQ-A-250/11, 6061-T6 Bare Aluminum Sheet Per QQ-250/11, 6061-T6 Aluminum Tube, 6061-T651 Aluminum Round Bar Per AMS 4177, 6061-T651 Aluminum Plate
7050 Grade=> Mainly We Stock 7050 Plates Temper: 7050-0 (Special Order Only), 7050-T451, 7050-T7651 Bare: AMS 4050, AMS 4021, DMS-2233, BMS 7-323
7050-T7451 Aluminum Plate Per AMS 4050 with USI BAC5439 Class A
7075 Grade
Temper: 7075-0, 7075-T6, 7075-T73, 7075-T76, 7075-T651, 7075-T7351, 7075-T7651 Bare: QQ-A-250/12, QQ-A-250/24, AMS 4044, AMS 4055, AMS 4078
Clad: QQ-A-250/13, QQ-A-250/25, AMS 4088, AMS 4049, BMS 7-302
7075-T6 Bare Aluminum Sheet Per QQ-A-250/12, 7075-T6 Alclad Aluminum Sheet Per QQ-A-250/13, 7075-T6 Alclad MRS Quality Aluminum Sheet Per QQ-A-250/13, 7075-T651 Aluminum Plate Per AMS 4045 with MIL-STD-2154 Class A Ultrasonic Inspection, 7075-T7351 Aluminum Plate Per QQ-A250/12
7475 Grade=> Mainly We Stock 7475 Plates
Temper: 7475-0, 7475-T6 (Special Order Only), 7475-T7651, 7475-T7351, 7475-T7651 Bare: AMS 4084, AMS 4085, AMS 4089, AMS 4202, DMS-2281, FMS-3304
Clad: AMS 4100, AMS 4207, DMS-2234
Aluminum Bar (Cold Finish and Extruded)
2011 Grade
Temper: 2011-T3 Per QQ-A-225/3, AMS-QQ-A-225/3, ASTM-B-211
2014 Grade
Temper: 2014-T4, 2014-T451, 2014-T4511, 2014-T6, 2014-T651, 2014-T6511 Specification: QQ-A-250/4, QQ-A-200/2, QQ-A-367, AMS 4121, AMS 4133, AMS 4134, AMS 4153
2024 Grade
Temper: 2024-0 (Special Order Only), 2024-T351, 2024-T3511, 2024-T851, 2024-T8511 Specification: QQ-A-225/6, QQ-A-200/4, AMS 4330, AMS 4120
2024-T4 Cold Finish Bar Per QQ-A-225/6, AMS-QQ-A-225/6, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4120, 2024-T351 Cold Finish Bar Per QQ-A-225/6, AMS-QQ-A-225/6, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4120, 2024-T3511 Extruded Bar Per QQ-A-200/3, AMS-QQ-A-200/3, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4165, 2024-T3 Extruded Bar Per QQ-A-200/3, AMS-QQ-A-200/3, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4152, 2024-T851 Cold Finish Bar Per QQ-A-225/6, AMS-QQ-A225/6, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4339
6061 Grade Temper: 6061-0 (Special Order Only), 6061-T6, 6061-T651, 6061-T6511 Specification: QQ-A-225/8, QQ-A-200/8, AMS 4166, AMS 4177, AMS 4127, AMS 4128, AMS 4146, AMS 4160, AMS 4161, AMS 4172, AMS 4173 6061-T6 Cold Finish Bar Per QQ-A-225/8, AMS-QQ-A-225/8, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4117, 6061-T651 Cold Finish Bar Per QQ-A-225/8, AMS-QQ-A-225/8, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4117, 6061-T6 Extruded Bar Per QQ-A-200/8, AMS-QQ-A-200/8, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4150, 6061-T6511 Extruded Bar Per QQ-A-200/8, AMS-QQ-A-220/8, ASTM-B-221, AMS 4173
7050 Grade
Temper: 7050-T74511, 7050-T73511, 7050-T76511, Specification: AMS 4340, AMS 4341, AMS 4342
7075 Grade
Temper: 7075-0 (Special Order Only), 7075-T6, 7075-T651, 7075-T6511, 7075-T73, 7075-T7351, 7075-T73511
Specification: QQ-A-225/9, QQ-A-200/11, AMS 4123, AMS 4124, AMS 4154, AMS 4166, AMS 4167, AMS 4168, AMS 4169, AMS 4186, AMS 4187
7075-T651 Cold Finish Bar Per QQ-A-225/9, AMS-QQ-A-225/9, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4123, 7075-T6511 Extruded Bar Per QQ-A-200/11, AMS-QQ-A-200/11, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4169, 7075-T6 Extruded Bar Per QQ-A-200/11, AMS-QQ-A-200/11, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4154, 7075-T73 Cold Finish Bar Per QQ-A-225/9, AMS-QQ-A-225/9, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4122, 7075-T7351 Cold Finish Bar Per QQ-A-225/9, AMS-QQ-A-225/9, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4124, 7075-T73511 Extruded Bar Per QQ-A-200/11, AMS-QQ-A-200/11, ASTM-B-211, AMS 4167
Aluminum Tube
2024-T3 Aluminum Tube Per WW-T-700/3, 6061-T6 Aluminum Tube, 7075-T6 Aluminum Tube Per WW-T-700/7
Other Aluminum Alloys
1100-0, 1100-H14 Grade: AMS 4001, AMS 4003, QQ-A-250/1, 2011-T3 Grade: QQ-A-225/3, 3003-0, 3003-H14 Grade: AMS 4006, AMS 4008, QQ-A-250/2
5052-0, 5052-H32, 5052-H34 Grade: AMS 4015, AMS 4016, AMS 4017, QQ-A-250/8, 5083-H116 Grade: QQ-A-250/7, QQ-A-200/5, 5454-H32, 5454-H34 Grade: QQ-A-200/6, 6063-T52, 6063-T6 Grade: QQ-A-200/9, 6262-T52, 6262-T6 Grade: QQ-A-200/10
6063 Aluminum Angle, aka Architectural Aluminum Angle is an extruded aluminum product with sharp, right angle inside and outside corners making this shape ideal for many trim applications. 6063 Aluminum Angle is also widely used for all types of fabrication projects where lightweight and corrosion resistance is a primary concern.
6063 Aluminum Angle Applications: frame work, brackets, interior & exterior architectural trim, etc.
6063 Aluminum Angle Specifications: ASTM B221, QQA-200/9, 6063-T52, architectural aluminum angle, sharp corner aluminum angle, aluminum trim angle, aluminum L angle
Typical Properties for Aluminum
| Property | Value |
| Atomic Number | 13 |
| Atomic Weight (g/mol) | 26.98 |
| Valency | 3 |
| Crystal Structure | Face centered cubic |
| Melting Point ( Degrees C) | 660.2 |
| Boiling Point ( Degrees C) | 2480 |
| Mean Specific Heat (0-100 Degrees C) (cal/g. Degrees C) | 0.219 |
| Thermal Conductivity (0-100 Degrees C) (cal/cms. Degrees C) | 0.57 |
| Co-Efficient of Linear Expansion (0-100 Degrees C) (x10-6/ Degrees C) | 23.5 |
| Electrical Resistivity at 20 Degrees C (µΩcm) | 2.69 |
| Density (g/cm3) | 2.6898 |
| Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | 68.3 |
| Poissons Ratio | 0.34 |
Major Alloying Element and Its Effect on Aluminum ● 1000’s – Aluminum 99% min. – excellent corrosion resistance, high thermal and electrical conductivity, low mechanical properties ● 2000’s – Copper – high mechanical properties, increased yield strength, best known and most widely used aircraft alloy ● 3000’s – Manganese – good workability and weldability, high corrosion resistance, moderate strength ● 4000’s – Silicon – low melting point, widely used in welding wire and as a brazing alloy 5000’s – Magnesium – moderate to high strength, good welding characteristics, good resistance to corrosion, especially in marine environments ● 6000’s – Magnesium/Silicon – good formability and corrosion resistance, moderate strength ● 7000’s – Zinc – highest strength alloy available, used in air-frame structures and for highly stressed parts 8000’s – Other element Aluminum Association Alloy Designation System ● 1st digit – Identifies alloy types. ● 2nd digit – Identifies alloy modifications. Digit replaces letters formerly used. ● 3rd and 4th digits – Identifies the aluminum purity of the specific aluminum alloy. ● The digits are the same as the numbers in the old designations for alloys in use prior to the adoption of the four-digit system. Temper Designations H-Tempers: Strain-Hardened ● H1 – strain-hardened only. ● H2 – strain-hardened and partially annealed. ● H3 – strain-hardened and stabilized by low-temperature thermal treatment. ● The digit following H1, H2, or H3 indicates the temper: ● 2 1/4Hard ● 4 1/2 Hard ● 6 3/4 Hard ● 8 Full Hard ● 9 Extra Hard T-Tempers: Heat-Treated ● T1 – cooled from an elevated temperature shaping process and naturally aged to a substantially stable condition ● T2 – annealed (cast products only) ● T3 – solution heat-treated and then cold worked ● T4 – solution heat-treated and naturally aged to a substantially stable condition ● T5 – cooled from an elevated temperature shaping process and then artificially aged ● T6 – solution heat-treated and then artificially aged ● T7 – solution heat-treated and then stabilized ● T8 – solution heat-treated, cold worked, and then artificially aged ● T9 – solution heat-treated, artificially aged, and then cold worked ● T10 – cooled from an elevated temperature shaping process, artificially aged and then cold worked ● Additional digits for T tempers include the following: ● T51- stress relieved by stretching ● T510- receives no further straightening after stretching ● T511- receives minor straightening after stretching to comply with standard tolerances ● T52 – stress relieved by compressing ● T54 – stress relieved by combined stretching and compressin